Discussing the Complex Relationship between the Mouridiyya Order and the Jamatou Ibadou Rahmane Association in Senegal

Abstract: This paper discusses the relationship between the Mouridiyya order and the Jamatou Ibadou Rahmane Association- two significant and quite different Muslim organizations in Senegal. This case is illuminated in order to help explain why supposedly opposed groups entertain peaceful relationships. The data analyzed derives from nine interviews conducted between January 2014 and March 2014, in Dakar, Senegal. This primary data has been analyzed using theories with a social movement perspective and the research question is as follows: How can the emergence and evolution of the relationship between the Mouridiyya Order and the Jamatou Ibadou Rahmane Association, in Senegal, be explained using theories with a social movement perspective? Findings reveal that Ibadou leaders place great care in forming a good relationship with those of the Mourid, whose cooperation is needed in order to gain recognition and influence. In turn, the Mourid leaders seem to gain stability from this cooperation. The cooperation appears to be maintained through common values, informal discussions and mutual support during celebrations, and through the occasional overlapping of campaigns. An overall consensus seems to be that the Mourid and Ibadou have coexisted peacefully since the latter movement was created and should in fact continue to do so. They also both stress the importance of diversity. Yet, certain statements indicate that some conflicting views and interests actually do exist, which seems to be a local manifestation of a higher opposition between orthodox Islam and Sufism. To conclude, further research is needed in order to determine if cooperation is strategic or tactical- in other terms, if it is temporary or durable.