Drivers and Performance Factors of Mergers and Acquisitions : A Case Study at Deutsche Post DHL

Abstract: This thesis explores and evaluates the drivers and performance factors of merger and acquisition (M&A) activity at Deutsche Post DHL (DPDHL). Furthermore, the “success paradox” related to M&A found in theory is addressed by analyzing how well it rhymes with the activity and performance of M&As at DPDHL. The methodology used to reach the aim can be characterized as an explorative and qualitative case study with an inductive approach. We review literature and interview stakeholders both within and outside the DPDHL group to present an in-depth view of the drivers causing M&As and factors affecting the performance of the transactions at DPDHL. Consequently, it has been possible to reach reality driven conclusions and recommendations tailored for DPDHL. We found that the success rate of M&A transactions at DPDHL is high and primarily triggered by strategic motives, such as achieving market power, acquiring capabilities, accessing new markets and to follow customers. In addition, we found that overall, DPDHL has systems and procedures that are consistent with theory findings and views of practitioners. However, we found two improvement areas for the overall success rate of transactions at DPDHL. Firstly, the biggest change for DPDHL going forward will lie within post-merger integration and management. There is a need to develop an independent, non-political, and transparent setup for M&A teams to better integrate and track performance after each transaction. The aim should be to create local ownership at all levels to better reap synergy effects. Secondly, there is a potential benefit to streamline the strategic models used to retain key people after the M&As. Moreover, relating the findings of the study to the “success paradox”, we argue that success ought to be measured on multiple motives instead of by only measuring financial outcome of deals as done historically. In our view, the inadequate measurement of M&A performance is a reason for the seemingly high failure rates found in empirical studies. It would only be logic to measure the success of something by assessing whether or not the motives were achieved, be that strategic or financial.