Essays about: "Principle of Proportionality"
Showing result 16 - 20 of 56 essays containing the words Principle of Proportionality.
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16. Taxing the Digital Economy - A Legal Assessment of the Introduction of PIllar One to the Internal Market
University essay from Lunds universitet/Juridiska institutionen; Lunds universitet/Juridiska fakultetenAbstract : In the last decade, the progress of the digital economy has caused a rift in the international tax regime, which now faces several challenges. The current principles governing taxation rules are based on notions that business can only be conducted through physical presence. READ MORE
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17. Sweden’s implementation of DAC 6 – A proportionate measure to prevent tax avoidance and evasion in the form of aggressive tax planning
University essay from Lunds universitet/Institutionen för handelsrättAbstract : After the financial crisis in 2008, governments became more aware about how multinational enterprises exploited gaps in the architecture of the international tax system in the globalized world to artificially shift profits to places where there was little or no taxation. It is estimated that base erosion and profit shifting cost countries 100-240 billion USD in lost revenue annually which is equal to 4-10% of the global corporate income tax. READ MORE
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18. The Compatibility of EU State Aid for Environmental Protection with the Polluter Pays Principle : In the Context of the EU Emissions Trading System
University essay from Stockholms universitet/Juridiska institutionenAbstract : This thesis, examines three research questions concerning the coherence between the European Union (EU) rules about State aid for environmental protection and the “polluter-pays-principle” (PPP) in the context of the free allocation practice in the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). The aim of the first research question is to study whether the free allocation of emission rights within the EU ETS is compatible with the EU State aid rules. READ MORE
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19. Proportionality in Investment Treaty Arbitration and the Necessity for Tribunals to Adopt a Clear Methodology
University essay from Uppsala universitet/Juridiska institutionenAbstract : Whenever states’ rights to regulate and investor’s interests conflict with each other it is an unsolved question in investment treaty arbitration how one should balance those two positions. In particular, it is indefinite where to draw the line at what point states can actually exercise their rights without unlawfully violating the investor’s interests. READ MORE
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20. Fiscal Sovereignty and State Aid in the field of Direct Taxation of EU Law
University essay from Lunds universitet/Institutionen för handelsrättAbstract : This thesis investigates if the recent decisions by the Commission on State aid in direct tax law are intruding on the EU Member States’ fiscal sovereignty. The author concludes that the Commission’s basic legal arguments of the reference system, being the corporate income tax system of the relevant Member States, as well as the arm’s length principle as a tool to assess selectivity in article 107(1) TFEU, are problematic from a fiscal sovereignty point of view. READ MORE