Är reducerad jordbearbetning ett alternativ?

Abstract: Today cultivation of cereal in Sweden has high costs for establishment in relation to the rest of the world, and if this cultivation will be able to continue, the farmers have to control their costs. It is important to see all costs, not the maximum harvest achieved, but the net result. All farmers have different conditions with respect to soil, direction of the farm and were the farm is located geographically. With the right knowledge and ambitions, we think most farmers could change to reduced tillage. In this paper we have tried to find out if reduced tillage is an alternative for farmers. We have done an experimental work of establishment with winter wheat on a fallow field with different machine concepts, from traditional tillage to reduced tillage. We have studied different concepts, not different manufacture. The experiment work was done in the southwest of Östergötland with some mould content middle clay soil. The machines we have used are Väderstads Carrier, Direct Drilling, John Deere Mulch tiller, Kverneland Ecomat and Överum plow with and without ridge packer. The results in our experimental work show no significant differences in number of plants in the spring but big differences in establishment costs and some differences in occurrence of weed. Our results show: • The lowest soil preparation had Direct Drilling, 285 SEK/ha + the cost of sow drilling added. • The highest soil preparation had Överum conventional, 1310 SEK/ha + the cost of sow drilling added. • The lowest plant population had Överum conventional with 220 plants/m2. • The highest plant population had Carrier with 244 plants/m2. • The highest number of weeds had Direct Drilling. • The lowest number of weeds had Överum conventional.