Biomechanical Simulations of a Flywheel Exercise Device in Microgravity

Abstract: Bone loss and muscle atrophy are two main physiological conditions affecting astronauts while being in space. In order to counteract the effects, at least two hours of aerobic and resistant countermeasure exercise is scheduled into their working day, seven days a week. Yoyo Technology AB has developed a resistance exercise device based on the flywheel principle, providing a load independent of gravity. However, there is no biomechanical research done on the efficiency of the device in microgravity, from a human movement point of view using simulation software. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of performing a leg press on the flywheel exercise device in a microgravity environment. Simulations of performing a flywheel leg press in earth gravity, microgravity and performing a conventional squat were done. The evaluated parameters were reaction forces, joint angles, joint moments, joint powers and muscle recruitment in the lower extremities. The simulations were done using a biomechanical simulation software based on a motion capture data collection. From the results two conclusions were proposed. Performing a flywheel leg press in microgravity environment or on earth provides at least as much peak moment as a body weighted squat performed on earth. Furthermore, performing a flywheel leg press in microgravity will induce a higher activity level among hip extensors and knee flexors compared to performing a flywheel leg press on earth.