Smart Antenna - MIMO, OFDM and Single Carrier FDMA for LTE.

Abstract: With the evolution in the telecommunication generations, more and more research is going on in the field of wireless communications. The purpose of these researches has always been to provide good network coverage across the region with higher data rates, accuracy and better performance. Control on coverage and performance has always been in focus and is achieved using better and better antennas. Research has brought us with a sophisticated approach on the control of the properties of the antennas – introduction to Smart Antennas. Smart antennas can be used to support any radio based telecommunication system in any band, with the same level of performance. Several techniques are used to get good performance out of the antennas’ system. One impressive way is the usage of multiple antennas techniques. The approach is to transmit and receive 2 or more unique data on a single radio channel. To increase the diversity gain with the use of multiple input multiple output (MIMO), OFDM is a good technology used at the physical layer. It provides robustness to frequency selective fading, high spectral efficiency and low computational complexity. So MIMO-OFDM generates a good basis for 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and 4G telecommunication technologies as well as other wireless communications systems. With MIMO-OFDM as basis, different standards like WiMAX (Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access) and LTE (Long Term Evolution) have been implemented now. The use of OFDM has some limitations when it is considered for uplink like high peak to average power ratio (PAPR), for which a new technique of using Single Carrier is considered for uplink. Single Carrier FDMA has same advantages as of OFDM with low PAPR. In this thesis, we investigate the smart antennas with its application as LTE with the study of MIMO-OFDM and Single Carrier FDMA Systems. Performance of MIMO OFDM and SC-FDMA is evaluated by using simulations on MATLAB.