Visual Perception in Autonomous Vehicles
Abstract: The human factor accounts for nine out of ten out of all traffic accidents, and because more vehicles are being deployed on the roads, the number of accidents will increase. Because of this, various automated functions have been implemented in vehicles in order to minimize the human factor in driving. In recent year, this development has accelerated and vehicles able to perform the complete driving task without any human assistance have begun to emerge from different projects around the world. However, the autonomous vehicle still has many barriers to overcome before safe driving in traffic becomes a reality. One of these barriers is the difficulty to visually perceive the surrounding. This is partly because of the fact that something can cover the camera sensors, but it is also problematic to translate the perceived data, that the sensors are collecting, into something valuable for the passenger. The situation could be improved if wireless communications were available to the autonomous vehicle. Instead of trying to understand the surrounding by the use of camera sensors, the autonomous vehicle could obtain the necessary data via wireless communication, which was the subject of this study. The study showed that wireless communication will be significant for the autonomous vehicle in the future. The conclusion is based on the fact that wireless communication was a solution in other transport systems that have had the similar barrier as for the autonomous vehicle. There are also plans on managing the barrier via wireless communication in pilot projects related to autonomous vehicles.
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