Detecting Cognitive Impairment with Eye Tracking Data during Picture Description

Abstract: The growing numbers of people suffering from Alzheimer’s and other dementia related diseases are expected to accelerate, and the cost for these diseases in Swedish healthcare is high. There are many ongoing research projects in the dementia diagnostics field which aim to detect cognitive impairment at an earlier stage, which would result in reduced costs in healthcare and improved life quality for sufferers. This work aims to investigate if it is possible to classify cognitive impairment based on a person’s eye movements. More specifically, it will explore the possibility of automating an established picture description task that is widely used in traditional dementia diagnostics. In order to do this, eye tracking data was collected during numerous conductions of this task. The eye tracking data was then parsed in to eye movement features and Binary Logistic Regression was used to classify these eye movements. The results showed that the average accuracy of the classification reached 73%. The results did not confirm that eye tracking technique can be used to automate neuropsychological test with an accuracy high enough, but to use a machine learning approach for detecting deviances in eye movement patterns appears to be a promising approach. Furthermore, this work analyzes the possibilities for practically implementing eye tracking techniques in Swedish healthcare in order to detect cognitive impairment at an earlier stage. Provided that an eye tracker can detect cognitive impairment with an accuracy equal to or higher than a medical professional can maintain, the study argues that automated neuropsychological tests at health clinics could be the key to detect cognitive impairment at an earlier stage.