Broken promises and violent reactions: A single case study of the grievances of indigenous communities surrounding the Las Bambas conflict

Abstract: In tandem with the rapid expansion of mining in Peru, and the increased dependence on foreign direct investment into the sector, social conflicts have escalated in recent years. Protests and strikes have become common features of the mining sector, deterring investors and insurance companies alike. This thesis analyses the cause and problem of the protests – their underlying foundation and why they continue and how the reactions of the actors involved unfold. The dilemma is analysed by applying a Neo-Gramscian theory as the lens through a qualitative content analysis of newspaper articles and media information on mining strikes, mobilisation and responses from the mining company and the government. By analysing the case of Las Bambas, this thesis aims to grasp the politicized conflict through the concept of Neo-Gramscian theory with its specific focus on counter-hegemony. The thesis particularly uses a case study analysis of the Las Bambas mining project as it is illustrative of the questions addressed in this thesis. The data is analysed through a qualitative content analysis. The thesis suggest that the underlying socio-economic grievances are caused and upheld by the power structures. Local communities protest the ‘broken promises’ in a Neo-Gramscian counter-hegemonic way. This also means that protests in Las Bambas and other mining areas in Peru will likely continue until the underlying grievances are resolved.