Beyond PET: An Extended Deposit-Return System for Plastic Packaging in Sweden : A Qualitative Investigation of Challenges and Lessons from future and earlier Deposit-Return Systems

Abstract: Collection rates and recycling rates of plastic packaging are considerably lower than for other packaging materials in Sweden. In the context of a circular economy, higher plastic packaging recycling rates could contribute to increased resource efficiency and lowered greenhouse gas emissions. A deposit-returnsystem (DRS) for plastic packaging could be an appropriate economic policy instrument to increase recycling rates. This thesis investigates if and how the scope of the DRS in Sweden could be extended to post-consumer plastic packaging. Potential challenges for an extended DRS are identified through semi-structured qualitative research interviews and a literature review. Solutions to overcome the challenges are identified with lessons from earlier DRSs and are complemented with other possible solutions. The results show that the DRS scope could potentially be extended to small hollow bodies. This product group could be implemented gradually in existing infrastructure, is easy to grasp for consumers and its share of the plastic packaging waste is sufficiently high. The focus should be on non-food packaging to avoid hygienic issues. Higher consumer awareness concerning plastic issuesand policies, which incentivize plastic packaging recycling, were identified as important drivers for an extended DRS.