Balanserad samhällsbyggnad i Eslövs kommun : fördjupning av översiktsplanen för östra Eslöv

Abstract: This work has been made in cooperation with the municipality of Eslöv and the inventory area is a part of the deepening of the municipality plan of east Eslöv. The aim of the work is to test the principle of balance in the overall planning. Later in the detailed planning process a more detailed calculation is made and a suggestion of suitable measures for compensation is made. Then the method with green area factors can be used. The goal is to balance the negative influence on the environment from the planned impacts to gain a sustainable development of the city. The principle of balance means that the one responsible for the development also has to compensate for the negative impacts on nature and landscape that comes with the development. As a first step the impacts should be avoided to keep the most valuable places intact. When you found the right place to build on the impacts should be minimized to make the damage as little as possible. The third step is to level out the negative changes so that the functional environmental loss is recreated at the same place as the impact take place. The impacts that are impossible to level out can be replaced either on another place, with another function or as a last alternative with a payment for other actions to improve the environment. The method begins with an inventory of nature and landscape. After that an evaluation is made, which in a complete exploitation report should consider the resources: ground, water, plants, animals, biotopes, landscape (scenery), cultural history, recreation, air, climate and noise. To make the evaluation of the biotopes as objective as possible I use a table with factors of the biotope value which starts with 0,01 for the most exploited areas (i.e. asphalt) and ends with 1,0 which is the highest value (i.e. valuable forests). When the evaluation of the existing landscape has been made you make an inventory and evaluation of the planned impacts. A table with examples for future building areas has been made with alternatives on how the developing areas could be designed. The table results in factors of the biotope value for the future developing areas. The need for compensation after exploitation is calculated when you have related the biotope factors to the area that the specific biotope covers by multiplying the factor with the area. The difference between before and after exploitation results in the need for compensation in the unit Bv1. Bv1 = the resulting value after multiplying the area with the factor of the biotope value. It corresponds to number of m2 with the factor recalculated to 1,0. The next step is to provide for the compensation need by choosing suitable measures to improve the environment, which at first place should be made within the developing area. I have made suggestions how the compensation for the impacts could be done in the green areas of the developing area. But balance does not occur when this has been made, which also demands replacement measures outside the green areas. I suggest 3 different measure alternatives to perform outside the green areas of the developing area. Replacement measures made outside the developing area is today used relatively seldom in Sweden within the city planning, but exist within the planning of streets. After enough measures have been made the impact has been balanced. The principle of balance is a tool to give more resources to create nature areas with the goal to enhance our surroundings. It can in the long term lead to healthier environments, humans, plants and animals.