Effects of a preterm birth: : Kinematics, lateralization and cognitive function in school-aged children

Abstract: Premature birth is a well-known risk factor for deviations in neurodevelopment. The aim of this study was to investigate possible long-term effects of preterm birth. Associations was to be investigated between preterm birth and kinematics, lateralization and cognitive function among 40 children born preterm (PT) compared to 48 age-matched children born full-term (FT). Kinematics was registered by a goal-directed task (pressing buttons in sequences, uni- or bimanually). Cognitive function was measured with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – 4th Edition and side-preference with Dichotic Listening and hand, foot and eye observations. Results showed significant differences between groups regarding kinematics and general cognitive function. Gestational age (GA) is associated with kinematics, cognitive function and side-preference. Findings suggest immature spatio-temporal movement organization as a long-term effect of risk factors associated to preterm birth, specifically children born very PT. This may also be related to lower cognitive function due to deviations in related cerebral structures.