Resource Recovery in Pucallpa, Peru: How Recycling Microenterprises Engage Citizens, Manage Waste and Promote Sustainable Human Development

Abstract: As informal human settlements grow in some major urban centers throughout the developing world, the problem of poverty is being exacerbated by escalating waste generation. Poor sanitation and substandard living conditions in these settlements pose major health risks for millions of marginalized people. Many have resorted to working informally in unhealthy and unsafe conditions to scrounge through waste, selling reusable or recyclable materials in order to provide for themselves and their families. An emerging development strategy in Peru involves the creation of formalized recycling microenterprises on the outskirts of major centers that focus on approaching waste as a resource, enabling traditionally excluded communities to close the loop on garbage and contribute more formally to the local economy. The strategic formalization of recycling microenterprises can reduce urban poverty, address environmental concerns stemming from waste and pollution and increase community development. Using a qualitative, participatory approach, the Peruvian city of Pucallpa has been examined according to the sustainable human development paradigm. Holistic approaches to development, such as the one utilized in this case study, have considerable potential to improve the lives of individuals and contribute to the sustainable development of their larger community. This study should advance the promotion of simultaneous study of human development and environmental health and assist future development initiatives with similar goals.