"This is my favorite beauty product… Do you like it too?” : A quantitative study on the user's interaction on beauty brands' Instagram account and how the presence of an influencer effect it.

Abstract: Looking at earlier studies and previous research in influencer marketing and parasocial relations between influencers and their followers, many of them are studying influencers in other countries such as Singapore and not in Sweden. This is a research gap we want to fill, which is why this study is focusing on Swedish influencers. By investigating the effects of interaction between consumer and producer might give a better understanding of how marketing strategies can develop in the online environment by using the interactive features of the social media platform Instagram. For this study, the objects of analysis are three Swedish companies selling beauty products. One of the purposes of this study is to illustrate what effect an influencer has on a company’s interaction in terms of likes and comments on Instagram. Another one is to create new knowledge in this research field by studying a specific industry, such as the beauty market. In light of previous research that confirms that influencer marketing is reaching several markets and are quickly expanding, we want to examine how this new way of marketing takes place among Swedish brands. Based on the purposes of the study, two research questions have emerged:   What effect does the participation of an influencer have on a company's Instagram account in terms of interaction?  What features on Instagram can be seen as influential factors on the interaction in terms of likes and comments?   The analytical framework is based on the theory of parasocial interaction, which has the purpose to give an understanding of how the relationship between influencers and followers are established in today’s social media environments. In addition, we have used relevant previous research in perceived interconnectedness, influencer marketing, and how the interaction online from the audiences have developed. The empirical material that was examined in the study was content in forms of posts on the social media platform Instagram. The objects of analysis are three Swedish beauty product companies, CAIA Cosmetics, Indy Beauty, and Kicks. Two well-established influencers have created the first two companies; Bianca Ingrosso is the creator of CAIA Cosmetics, and Therese Lindgren is the creator of Indy Beauty. The collected data, 300 posts in total, has been analyzed through a quantitative content analysis. The results from the study show that there is an extensive difference in interactions, in terms of likes and comments on average, when the companies are posting content including the influencer, in contrast to the opposite. Even if the number of posts with influencers is considerably low on two of the Instagram accounts compared to posts without influencers, they still manage to achieve more interaction in both likes and comments. For CAIA Cosmetics, the results show that interactions on average share approximately the same amount of numbers throughout the analysis. For Indy Beauty, this was not the case. The number of comments on average when not including Therese Lindgren was distinguishable higher compared to when including her. The reason behind this result might be a product-oriented campaign Indy Beauty launched at the beginning of December 2019. The empirical material of this study included data from this specific time and caused an effect on the results in this case. The campaign only included posts of products, and one of the requirements to win the Christmas gift was to comment on the posts, which led to a higher number of comments of posts without an influencer. To summarize the analysis, the involvement of an influencer in its marketing strategy gives a certain effect in interaction. However, it can also be efficient to apply the features of Instagram and launch product-oriented campaigns on your social media platforms to gain interaction in terms of likes and comments among your followers. Finally, it is difficult to generalize the conclusion since the outtake of this study only includes three Swedish companies and their content.