Energy Storage Technology Comparison From a Swedish perspective
Abstract: Due to increased usage of renewable energy sources a need to store energy, from times of low demand or high production to times of higher demand or lower production, have risen. This report is meant to serve as a comparison between different methods of energy storage from a Swedish point of view. Several technical aspects as well as environmental and social impacts of different energy storage methods have been compared. The conclusion reached is that PHES is still the most favourable way of storing energy due to the good performance and reliability it offers. If found possible, Sweden should therefore continuously expand the usage of PHES as well as continuing to improve the turbine efficiency. If further expansion of PHES is not possible, CAES could serve as a replacement due to similar performance. For storing energy during shorter periods of time, Li-Ion batteries or Na-S batteries are the most viable options. High efficiency and energy density as well as low costs are all desired characteristics. In most regards, Li-Ion batteries outperforms Na-S. Li-Ion should therefore be considered the primary way to store energy for shorter times in Sweden, despite Li-Ion’s slightly larger environmental impact.
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