Still making faces, now also a dynamic one: An updated study of parameterized three-dimensional models of emotional facial expressions

Abstract: With constant upgrades in 3d-modeling software, even previously functional and validated animated facial expressions can be updated. The present work seeks to provide such an additional upgraded set of tools for researchers to use interested in e.g. emotional facial expressions, and contains two experiments. One where static facial expressions are tested in three different ways and a second experiment which seeks to investigate whether there is a difference between 5 groups of smiles that develop differently. In the first experiment the creation of the stimuli is described; participants evaluated the created animated expressions and photographs of human actors on: multiple Likert-scales for intensity, a task where they freely were to indicate what they had seen, and a multidimensional scaling approach where all expressions were compared. Results indicate that the expressions were qualitatively similar. In the second experiment, participants rated the genuineness of 5 groups of differently developing smiles; either polynomial or linear. The results indicate that one group was rated significantly worse than the other. All results are discussed in the context, and future research propositions are given.