Automated Solar Panel Shield : An IoT Approach

Abstract: Context: Solar panels are exposed to different weather conditions and get damaged. Sand storms and hail storms could cause serious damage. However, they need to be used for human survival in almost every harsh condition possible. Objectives: Our goal is to design and create a working prototype of an automated solar panel shield. The meteorological conditions around the solar panels should be monitored, including wind speed, air quality, rain, and humidity. The shield automatically protects the solar panel based on the sensor data. The solar shield should even protect panels from harm from small animals. Methods: A microcontroller Arduino Uno is used. Various sensors are used to monitor multiple weather conditions, including an ultrasonic sensor, a rain sensor, a smoke sensor, and a custom-built anemometer. Based on daylight status, the stepper motor is activated to roll up the protective cover over the solar panel. Results: The output from all the sensors and actuators is verified. The values of the sensors are updated in the web application, the user can use that. The web application is used to monitor the weather conditions around solar panels. Conclusions: An working model of the shield is made, in addition, a cleaning system is made. A bird deterring system is also included. All the additional sensors for monitoring can be used for performance automation.