The genetic background of oxytocin and its importance for maternal behaviour of sows

Abstract: Oxytocin is today widely spoken of as a "feel good" hormone. Recent research has increased interest in the hormone and its role in social and sexual interactions, as well as its importance for complex behavioral patterns. There is evidence that oxytocin is released during physical contact and is said to suppress anxiety and stress. In animals and humans, oxytocin, which is a neuropeptide and likewise a hormone, is necessary for parturition and lactation. Synthesis of oxytocin occurs in brain neurons and in specific organs involved in reproduction. Although oxytocin is believed to have existed for more than 700 million years, the structure is almost unchanged since its inception. This suggests a well conserved gene that is less affected by evolutionary development. Pig production confirms that; sows have, despite intense selection for various traits, still similar maternal abilities as their ancestors. This bachelor thesis is a literature review of genetic aspects of oxytocin and its importance for maternal ability of sows.