Perspectives of dropped-out children on quitting public primary schools in Kasur- Pakistan

Abstract: Aim: This thesis is an endeavour to explore the causes behind the significant rate of students leaving their primary-level education at the Primary level. The study aims at exploring the causes of high dropout rates by recording the voices of out-of-school children and examining the help they receive from their learning institutions after leaving their studies and schools in the Kasur District in Pakistan. Theory: The Poor Family Socialization theory serves as the foundation for this study, which is a stem of the Family Socialization Theory. Poor Family Socialization Theory has undergone extensive research and development in the fields of psychology, sociology, and education. I based my arguments on this theory's main tenets, which include poverty, family socialization techniques, academic success, and school dropout. Method: The methodology utilized in this study involves a qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews as the data collection method of choice. In this study, 6 participants were included. They are out-of-school children who left schools without completing their primary education. Results: The findings of the study revealed that financial constraints due to poverty, poor academic performance, and lack of involvement by the parents were some of the factors that forced primary school dropouts to leave school. It has been iii established that absenteeism, lack of interest in school, and COVID-19 also influenced primary school dropouts not to finish their primary education. Also, visitation, financial help, calling the parents, and counselling them were the aids received by the out-of-school children from their learning institutes.