Gender dimension in the informal trade networks in the ECOWAS region: the case of the Nana Benz

Abstract: This research focuses on the determinants of participation in informal trade and firms for women in West Africa using the example of the Nana Benz in Togo as a case study. Women have been involved in informal trade for centuries, yet their role tends to be overlooked due to gender inequalities. Through a probabilistic approach and using data from Nigeria and Togo, I analyse the main characteristics and barriers women are confronted with nowadays in the region and to what extent is the case study a good illustration of the reality of women in the region. The results show that the Nana Benz shares features like lack of access to formal credit, financial performance and customer loyalty. However, some features such as their political influence, outstanding profits or trade relationships transform them into a unique case among women traders in the ECOWAS area. Understanding the main features of women in informal trade becomes key to implementing public policies accordingly.