Characterisation of Models of New Physics at the LHC

Abstract: The goal of this thesis is the development and application of model-independent analysis techniques to characterise New Physics states of different kinds from their signatures at the LHC and future colliders. In the first part of the thesis, we outline the general steps from the building of the simplified model and identification of the parameter space to the characterisation potential of the current searches with the focus on the characterisation between different scenarios of Beyond the Standard Model physics. We then demonstrate the outlined procedure on two specific and relevant examples: discrimination of exotic decays of vector-like quarks and determination of the spin of a dark matter candidate.