Social Work, the Third Sector and Democratic Aspects in Welfare Provision: Cooperation between the City of Gothenburg and Non-Profit Organizations

Abstract: The discussion of the third sector and its role in the provision of welfare has garnered remarkable attention over the last decade. The democratic potential of the third sector became a focal point in the debate; non-profit organizations are expected to communicate societal problems to political decision makers. They are important actors in welfare provision and social work. However, in each country, the third sector has grown out of a particular national history. For the Swedish case, the socalled “popular movements” played a significant role in the construction of the welfare state. New forms of collaboration between the public and the third sector were developed and debated in Sweden. It is a matter of particular interest to investigate innovative types of cooperation and their effects. The aim of this study is to identify different contributions of non-profit organizations regarding both social work and democracy. A particular focus is drawn to the cooperation between the third sector and the public service and how this affects the democratic contribution of non-profit organizations. With a critical approach power relations and organizational theories have been considered. The empirical body consists of qualitative data, compiled in a case study in Gothenburg, Sweden. The social economy department of the city provides financial and consultative support to non-profit organizations. Representatives from two of these organizations were interviewed, and additionally, interviews were carried out at the social economy department. The findings of the thesis reveal a trusting relationship between the organizations and the municipality; in a mutually beneficial way they are working together and learning from each other. Third sector social work functions a complement to the public service; they can provide service which the municipality cannot or is not willing to supply. However, non-profit organizations also adapt to requirements of the municipality and undergo a process of change. Besides the beneficial aspects the cooperation is also a balancing act. Non-profit organizations, obtaining support from the municipality, did not appear as radical organizations but rather, as flexible and creative contributors to welfare. It is conclusive from the analysis that non-profit organizations contribute to a progressive and deliberative practice in social work.