Command and Control Methods at Sub-unit Level : Mission Command and Self-synchronization

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore command and control at sub-unit level. Theoverarching method adopted by the Swedish Army is mission command, derived intodirective command and restrictive control. Although a new main battle tank with anoperational battle management system has been introduced, few changes can betraced with respect to methods of command and control. Starting out with describingthe prescribed way of command and control at sub-unit tank units, the effects whenutilizing alternative methods were explored. In order to do this, the theories of theLaw of Requisite Variety, the Viable System Model and theories on DynamicDecision Making were used to analyze data produced by a tank platoon. In order toexplore the effects of self-synchronization, five combat missions were conductedusing two different methods. A seminar discussion provided further insights inunderstanding the results. From the conclusion of these investigations, a hypothesisis derived, alleging the possible use of directive command at sub-unit level and inwhat context self-synchronization could be utilized. The relevance of the hypothesisis then discussed in a wider context referring to military operations on urbanizedterrain.The results indicate that initiative and the ability to explore given opportunities areexperienced as being greater if directive command is applied instead of thetraditionally restrictive control. Concerning the utilization of the battle managementsystem, my conclusion is that the potential of the system is not yet fully explored.The basis of this statement is the declared opinion of a lack of adequate training, andthere is also an outspoken discrepancy in willingness to use the system.