Between climate justice and climate finance

Abstract: The conceptualization of loss and damage reflects diverse perspectives, evident in the disparities observed in climate negotiations. This thesis examines how the Alliance of Small Island States and the European Union portrayed loss and damage during the establishment of the loss and damage fund. Carol Bacchi’s WPR approach is used for comprehending the portrayal of loss and damage, and the methodology is guided by her analytical questions applied to the material. The empirical analysis, focusing on statements made at the Conference of the Parties from 2018 to 2022, reveals two thematic representations. The Alliance of Small Island States, with longstanding advocacy, depicts loss and damage as an urgent and life-threatening problem, emphasizing climate justice. In contrast, the European Union infrequently references the concept, often presenting it in the context of mitigation and adaptation within climate finance. Despite initial opposition, the European Union, during the 27th COP, acknowledged the necessity of loss and damage for supporting the most vulnerable countries. The results highlight contrasting views of representing loss and damage by the actors.