Exploring energy justice concerns in the energy transition of Kosovo - a qualitative analysis of governance and challenges in the implementation of renewable energy technologies

Abstract: The advancement of global warming and climate change are viewed as catalysts for the energy transition, which is not only technological, but also embedded in broader socio-ecological and political dynamics. Decarbonizing Kosovo, a country heavily reliant on coal production, presents major challenges. Using qualitative interviews with stakeholders of the energy transition, this thesis examines the governance, technological challenges, social and environmental implications of the energy transition in Kosovo through the lens of energy justice. Key findings suggest that energy transition is dependent on international investments. Thus, an increase in electricity prices may exacerbate energy poverty. Consequently, the lack of investments, reliance on coal and land ownership conflicts pose obstacles, reaching the ambitious goals of the Energy Strategy 2022-2031. Finally, Energy Justice is not widely understood in Kosovo, highlighting the need for a greater integration into energy transition policies.