Essays about: "treaty law"

Showing result 21 - 25 of 404 essays containing the words treaty law.

1. 21. Integrated Oceans Management of Antarctic Waters: Opportunities for Marine Protected Areas in the Convergence of the Antarctic Legal Regime and the Law of the Sea

   University essay from Göteborgs universitet/Juridiska institutionen

   Author : Katarina Wallerstedt; [2022-09-26]
   Keywords : Antarctica; Southern Ocean; Integrated Ocean Management; Marine Protected Areas; Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction; International Law; The Antarctic Treaty System; The Law of the Sea;

   Abstract : Antarctica is home to some of the last untouched places on Earth, but its marine environment is endangered because of increased ocean activities in Antarctic waters. These developments are not unique to the Antarctic seas but are a global trend in all the world’s oceans. READ MORE

3. 22. Exchanging Bilateral Investment Treaties and Investor-State Dispute Settlement for the Acquis Communautaire : A three-stage analysis of the effects for investors, the level of investment protection and for the flow of Foreign Direct Investment on the internal market

   University essay from Stockholms universitet/Juridiska institutionen

   Author : Carl Oscarsson; [2022]
   Keywords : ;

   Abstract : Through the judgements of Achmea and PL Holdings, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has prohibited the use of Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) as well as the enforcement of any awards stemming from such procedures within the European Union (EU). This means that investors on the internal market can no longer enjoy the protection which was awarded to them by the protection standards inherent in the Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) which were previously relied upon by investors in the Member States (MS), and which provided for the possibility of ISDS. READ MORE

4. 23. The Essential Security Exception under International Investment Law - Analysis of the Dispute between Huawei and the Swedish Government as a Case Study

   University essay from Lunds universitet/Institutionen för handelsrätt

   Author : Xiao Wang; [2022]
   Keywords : international investment law; essential security exception; International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes ICSID ; Huawei and the Swedish Government; the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT ; international investment agreements IIAs ; bilateral investment treaty BIT ; host country; Law and Political Science;

   Abstract : Along with the rapid development of investment and trade in the context of economic globalisation, a number of legal issues, risks and disputes related to the essential security exception have gradually emerged in the field of international investment. Although contracting states have consciously agreed on essential security exception regulations in the international investment system, the provisions of essential security exception regulations in investment agreements vary from country to country, and there are differences in the interpretation and application of the exception provisions by arbitral tribunals. READ MORE

5. 24. The Legality of Expanding Bullets in Non-International Armed Conflicts Under International Humanitarian Law : A Reassessment in Light of Law Enforcement Operations and Present-Day Conditions

   University essay from Försvarshögskolan

   Author : John Björelind; [2022]
   Keywords : International Humanitarian Law; Law of Armed Conflict; Superfluous injury and unnecessary suffering; expanding bullets; dumdum bullets; customary international law;

   Abstract : In the performance of law enforcement tasks, military forces frequently use expanding bullets. Such bullets are prohibited in international armed conflicts (IAC:s) by treaty, but in non-international armed conflicts (NIAC:s), the matter is regulated by the principle prohibiting means and methods of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering (SIrUS), and possibly by an independent rule of customary international humanitarian law. READ MORE

6. 25. How Multipolarity and Globalization Have Changed the Nature of Tax Multilateralism : A Comparison of the OECD Model Tax Convention Negotiation with the Negotiation of Pillar One and Two

   University essay from Uppsala universitet/Juridiska institutionen

   Author : Daniel Raddenbach; [2022]
   Keywords : tax; taxation; globalization; international relations; negotiation; Pillar One; Pillar Two; OECD; model tax treaty; multilateralism; cooperation; tax multilateralism; global minimum tax; digital services; bilateralism;

   Abstract : Can a multilateral negotiating process—that is, cooperation between many states in a single forum—successfully reform the network of bilateral tax treaties that currently makes up the bulk of international tax law? The BEPS Project aims to be the first major push for a multilateral tax process since the creation of the OECD’s Model Tax Convention in the 1960s. Through BEPS, the OECD and 130-plus countries are in final negotiations to implement Pillar One and Two, which will: (1) create a new taxing right for “market jurisdiction” countries on the profit of international companies that do business there without a physical presence; and (2) implement a top-up tax levied against companies that offshore profits from intangible assets in low-tax jurisdictions. READ MORE