Barriers and Facilitators in Utilizing Treatment Services for Substance Use Problems Among Youth in Ontario, Canada : A qualitative study from youth service providers’ perspectives

Abstract: Problematic substance use is a continuing public health and safety concern in Canada, as is in many countries, and is seen as a health issue that can be prevented, managed, and treated through a proper focused response; however, according to recent studies and reports, Canadian youth are experiencing massive difficulty in accessing evidence-based services. The aim of this study is to explore youths’ barriers and facilitators in seeking and utilizing treatment services for substance use problems from service care providers’ perspectives in Ontario, Canada. In addition, treatment models that are organized to fit the needs of youth are also explored. A qualitative study with an inductive approach was used. Data was collected through six semi-structured interviews with youth service professionals working in school or community-based problematic substance use organizations in Ontario, Canada. The obtained data material has been analyzed by thematic analysis. The results showed that professionals viewed harm reduction and motivational interviewing models as designs fitted for youth. Professionals viewed unclear pathways to available services and stigma as external barriers to seeking treatment and shame and guilt and the loss of autonomy as internal barriers. Results viewed open conversation and active participation by schools as facilitators for seeking treatment. Further, professionals viewed insensitivity on behalf of the staff and funding as the main barriers for youth utilizing treatment, while sympathy from staff a major facilitator. This conclusion highlights the need for more open conversation and cooperation with the government and other youth service care professionals to coordinate effective and integrated services available for youth in school and community settings.