Sustainability Filtration and Optimization: A Stepwise Integration Approach

Abstract: This thesis explores the integration of sustainability into Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) optimization by introducing stepwise filtration and optimization. This study acknowledges the growing importance of sustainability in investment strategies and modifies the traditional MPT framework to include environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors. A systematic filtration process is conducted where each asset undergoes a step-by-step filtration based on different ESG criteria. For each filtration step, portfolio optimization is performed to find the most efficient portfolios under the filtered criteria. The effect of each filtration on portfolio risk and return profile provides insights into the trade-offs between financial performance and sustainability impacts. The findings indicate that investors considering the ethical aspects of ESG can achieve these goals without significantly affecting the portfolio risk and return. However, investors incorporating all aspects of ESG will experience a higher drop in the efficient frontier. Moreover, while investigating an additional index, including more companies, investors can attain a better portfolio profile while incorporating all aspects of ESG. A central ambition of this study has been enlighten investors regarding the different aspects of ESG and the trade-offs of integrating sustainability into investment practices. Thus, this study seeks to refine the investor decision-making process and encourage investors to make more informed sustainable decisions.