Securing Real Estate: Wireless Integration and Device Security

Abstract: For decades, wired systems have been utilized when connecting operational technology devices to internal real estate systems. With the advancement of new technologies, there is a growing trend toward wireless communication in this domain, necessitating further research and exploration. This thesis examines the security considerations of integrating wireless technologies into operational technology systems within the context of real estate smart properties. It addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the adoption of wireless communication by examining the built-in security features of Operational Technology devices and the wireless communication techniques LoRaWAN and private 5G networks. Additionally, potential vulnerabilities that may arise with the adoption of wireless communication are examined. The thesis provides a set of recommendations for effective and secure wireless integration relating to network security measures. Another contribution of this study is the type assessment of Operational Technology devices, based on device performance requirements, influencing the choice of network technologies. A categorization of Operational Technology devices into high-security, medium-security, and basic-security levels aids in determining the appropriate security measures for each device. These contributions aim to guide the development of secure, efficient, and sustainable smart properties in the evolving real estate sector.