Augmented Reality Method for Supporting Time Studies in Manual Assembly Processes

Abstract: In the 21st century, the so-called fourth Industrial Revolution, productivity at work is becoming increasingly important. Companies are looking to invest in the technological pillars of Industry 4.0 in order to advance and improve their results. To this end, they are striving for greater process efficiency. Labour productivity is an essential measure for any company, as it is linked to economic growth and development. Higher worker productivity means better-used resources, more efficiently performed tasks and greater competitiveness, as well as an increase in strengths and a reduction in weaknesses. We know that one of the most common types of work measurement is the time study through which it is determined how much time a skilled worker spends under set conditions to complete a task. This study is carried out by a qualified professional who observes the employee using a time measurement device. At the same time, the quality of the work can be evaluated. The Swedish company, Xylem, famous for using water power, wanted to automate the time study in one of its assembly processes, in particular, the assembly of a water pumphead. The purpose of this idea was to reduce the number of sources required, to have a system to track the employee's hands and to identify the start and end points of the task. With all of this in mind, the possibility of using Augmented Reality was considered. With that goal in mind, a program was created that included hand tracking with coloured spheres to facilitate the assembly process. It also includes QR code scanning to help locate the work area correctly. In addition, it has cube-shaped sensors that help measure time and correctly provide process instructions that are implemented to assist workers. When the job is finished, the program automatically displays a time log and indicates the speed of the work performed. All of this helps to improve productivity and safety at work,making a significant contribution to business sustainability.