Disengagement, Defection, Abandonment - Why? : A qualitative case study on reasons of disengagement from the Fridays For Future Movement in Västerås, Sweden

Abstract: This study explores a little researched question by the scholars of social movements - why activists disengage before the movement’s goals have been attained. Based on interviews with former and current activists of the Fridays For Future movement in Västerås, this study argues that disengagement occurs due to four reasons, either combined or separately. These are biographical unavailability as a result of other commitments in life, perceived collective inefficacy, emotions of hopelessness either in relation to the movement or climate change, and psychological pressure as a consequence of participation. The results are important as the reasons for disengagement also could illustrate the obstacles for the movement to reach its goals. Without activists who can or want to mobilize, the future of the FFF movement runs the risk of losing the ability to put pressure. On a general notion, the result is also of importance as it manifests the difficulties for all citizens to participate in constitutionally protected political actions as only certain citizens have the opportunity to exercise their freedom of expression.