Microplastics in food webs- occurrence in Lake Vänern brown trout (Salmo trutta) and its main prey

Abstract: Over the past decade, research on microplastic pollution has gained significant attention. Research regarding microplastic occurrence in freshwater fish, however is still scarce. While possible pathways have been investigated, passive transfer via ingestion of prey, and possible bioaccumulation in different organs remains relatively unstudied. The scope of the work presented here was to examine microplastic occurrence in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and its main prey European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus) from Lake Vänern, Sweden. Further, my aim was to investigate for microplastics different organs such as stomach, liver, heart and intestine. Brown trout were collected by sport fishermen at sport fishing contests in Lake Vänern. All dissected organs were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and particles were analysed and identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Microplastics were found in 94% of brown trout with 43% coming from the intestine, 41% from the stomach and 16% from the gastrointestinal tract of smelt. There was a significant difference in microplastic abundance between organs. No microplastics were fund in the liver or heart of brown trout. Fibres were the most abundant shape (95%) and black the most occurring colour (44%). The most abundant polymer types were neoprene, chlorosulfonated polyethylene and hydrogenated nitrile rubber and the smallest analysed particle was 100 m while the largest was 4.9 mm. In conclusion, my study confirmed the presence of microplastics in brown trout and its main prey from Lake Vänern, Sweden. Future research should focus on prey fish and different organs to give a better understanding of trophic transfer within the aquatic food web, and its possible bioaccumulation.