The Efficiency of Off-peak Deliveries in Stockholm City.

Abstract: Delivery traffic constitutes an important part of road traffic in Stockholm and the transport efficiency is low due to congestion. Off Peak project ongoing in Stockholm seeks the potential for commercial traffic to make use of more hours of a day: the late evening and the early morning, from 18:30 to 6:00. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the transport efficiency of offpeak deliveries in terms of travel time, average velocity, fuel consumption, service speed and the reliability of arrival time; and to estimate how much travel time can be saved by off-peak deliveries compared with daytime deliveries. The transport performance of the off-peak deliveries is analyzed with GPS data, fleet management data and logistics data. The general traffic conditions on the relevant routes during different hours of a day are investigated with ANPR camera data, microwave sensor data and probe vehicle data from the taxis. It is estimated that a truck delivering in offpeak hours can save more than 21% of the travel time both in the inner city and on the highway. Obvious morning and evening peaks were found in the variances of the mean travel times on relevant routes. The results suggest that the delivery truck shifted to off-peak hours can achieve higher travel speed, reduced travel time and more reliable arrival time.