Assessing The Relationship Between Social Networks And Integration In The Labour Market In Sweden: A Case Study Of Somali And Bosnian Second-Generation Immigrants In Växjö

Abstract: The integration of immigrants has been a significant area of research, focusing on aspects such as employment, housing, and education for newly arrived community members. In recent years, scholarly attention has increasingly turned toward social networks and their influence on immigrant integration into the labor market of the host country. This study aims to examine the role of social networks in relation to labor market integration by conducting an in-depth analysis of two distinct groups of second-generation immigrants in Sweden, originating from Bosnia and Somalia. Additionally, the study explores the impact of social identities, including social class, education, culture, and gender, on their integration and the formation of social ties. Through a case study of Växjö, this research offers an opportunity to explore the long-term effects of networks by comparing the similarities and differences in the patterns of integration among second-generation immigrants from Bosnia and Somalia. The qualitative case study employs semi-structured interviews supplemented by a desk analysis of existing research and published works. By synthesizing social network and social capital theories, the analysis sheds light on the significance of strong and weak ties for skilled and less skilled immigrants in finding employment and achieving labor market integration. Based on 18 interviews, the findings highlight contrasting patterns between the Bosnian and Somali immigrant groups. Because of the Bosnians' higher education levels and middle-class backgrounds, they predominantly rely on weak ties to secure employment. Conversely, most Somalis heavily depend on strong relationships due to cultural considerations, lower levels of education, and social class. Moreover, while Bosnian networks exhibit gender equality in educational attainment and access to job opportunities, Somali networks still face challenges regarding gender disparities in labor market access. This comparative study contributes to peace and development research by generating new knowledge and understanding of the role of social networks in the economic integration of immigrant groups from diverse backgrounds and cultures. The findings underscore the importance of considering the interplay between social ties, social identities, and employment.