Finding potential sites for small-scale hydro power in Uganda : a step to assist the rural electrification by the use of GIS : a minor field study

Abstract: Over 2 billion people, mostly in developing countries, have no access to modern fuels or electricity. The necessity of clean, efficient, reliable and affordable energy services is a crucial issue in developing countries, especially in the context of rural areas where the majority of the people lives. Renewable energy sources in shape of small-scale hydropower systems are a complement or alternative to grid extension. The purpose of this study was to develop a method in order to find potential sites for small-scale hydropower in our study area in southwestern Uganda, by using a Geographical Information System (GIS) and also to investigate the rural energy situation in the area. A GIS is a computerized information system for collecting and handling data in databases as well as a powerful tool for analysis and visualization of geographical data. The results indicate a generally positive attitude to electricity and all interviewees were in great need of its services. Almost all consider themselves to have some means to pay for the electricity even if it is more expensive than what the energy cost today. Our self-designed algorithm identified 250 potential sites for small-scale hydropower stations in the study area. A selection of 14 sites out of these was evaluated and resulted in only three sites fulfilling the defined requirements. All sites met the requirement regarding a certain slope, but the majority lacked a permanent flow of water. The outcome from the evaluation was a result of low quality of the watercourse input data. In conclusion, our method is swift and precise, presupposed reliable input data is available. Presupposed there is a need for electricity and good financing possibilities, small-scale hydropower is an appropriate alternative to assist rural electrification, which will lead to improved standard of living.